Marketing funnel sounds like jargon. It's actually a useful mental model for understanding how customers move from "never heard of you" to "loyal repeat customer" — and where your marketing investments should go at each stage.

The Marketing Funnel, Simply

Imagine a funnel. Wide at the top, narrow at the bottom. A lot of people enter at the top. Far fewer make it through to become customers at the bottom. Your job as a marketer is to:

  1. Get enough people into the top of the funnel
  2. Remove the friction that causes people to drop out at each stage
  3. Make it easy and natural for people to reach the bottom

The Four Stages

Stage 1: Awareness (Top of Funnel)

What's happening: A potential customer realizes they have a problem or need. They may not know you exist yet.

Example: A homeowner notices their roof is looking worn. They Google "signs your roof needs replacing."

Marketing tactics that work here:

  • Blog content targeting informational searches
  • Social media video and posts
  • Local SEO (appearing in searches before someone has decided to hire)
  • Community presence and word-of-mouth

Stage 2: Consideration (Middle of Funnel)

What's happening: The potential customer knows they need what you offer. They're comparing options.

Example: The homeowner searches "best roofing companies in Bremerton" and reads reviews, checks websites, watches videos.

Marketing tactics that work here:

Stage 3: Conversion (Bottom of Funnel)

What's happening: The customer is ready to hire. Something tips them toward action — or causes them to abandon.

Example: The homeowner clicks your Google listing, sees 4.8 stars with 90 reviews, reads your website, and calls for an estimate.

Marketing tactics that work here:

  • Clear, prominent contact information
  • Fast response time (every hour you delay costs conversions)
  • Strong call-to-action on every page
  • Easy scheduling or quote process
  • Price transparency (or clear process for getting a quote)

Stage 4: Retention and Referral

What's happening: The customer has bought. Now you either build a relationship that generates repeat business and referrals — or you lose them.

Marketing tactics that work here:

  • Post-service review requests
  • Email newsletter staying in touch
  • Seasonal reminders for relevant services
  • Referral program
  • Exceptional service (the most powerful retention tool)

Why This Matters for Your Marketing Budget

Understanding the funnel helps you spend your marketing budget in the right place:

  • If nobody's hearing about you → invest in awareness (SEO, content, GBP)
  • If people hear about you but don't choose you → invest in trust (reviews, video, website credibility)
  • If people visit your website but don't contact you → invest in conversion (CRO, clearer CTAs, faster response)
  • If customers don't return or refer → invest in retention (email, follow-up, referral system)

Most small businesses try to solve every problem with more advertising. Often the real problem is earlier in the funnel — or at a completely different stage. Tracking and analytics is what tells you which stage needs work.

Where Buzz Cue Focuses

We specialize in the foundation stages for Kitsap County businesses: visibility (so people find you), trust (so they choose you), and measurement (so you know what's working). Start with a free audit →


Buzz Cue — Poulsbo, WA marketing agency. We help local businesses build marketing funnels that convert. Talk to us →